Episode 2 - Understanding Heart Attack: Symptoms, Prevention, and First Aid

Welcome to this second episode of Infosanté. Today, we are going to talk about myocardial infarction, more commonly known as a heart attack.

The Vital Role of the Heart

The heart, just like the brain, is an essential organ for the proper functioning of the human body. It is a muscle that pumps blood to supply all organs with oxygen and nutrients. Like all muscles, the heart itself needs to be nourished by coronary arteries and veins.

What is a Heart Attack?

A heart attack occurs when a plaque of atheroma (fat deposit) breaks off and blocks a coronary artery. The part of the heart supplied by this artery no longer receives blood, causing necrosis (death of heart tissue). Unlike the liver, heart cells do not regenerate in adulthood, which makes this situation extremely serious.

Symptoms of a Heart Attack

• Chest pain lasting 20 to 30 minutes, often behind the sternum.
• Pain radiating to the left arm, shoulders, back, or jaw.
• Possible associated symptoms: sweating, anxiety, shortness of breath, dizziness.

Main Causes

• Smoking
• Excess cholesterol (animal fats)
• Diabetes

Medical Treatments

A heart attack is an absolute emergency. The sooner you act, the better the chances of survival:

• Angioplasty: insertion of a stent into the blocked artery to restore blood flow.
• Thrombolysis: injection of medication that dissolves the blood clot.

What to Do in Case of a Heart Attack?

1. Call emergency services immediately.
2. Perform chest compressions if the person is unconscious (prior training recommended).
3. Use a semi-automatic defibrillator if available.

These devices are easy to use, provide voice instructions, and can save lives.

Conclusion

Myocardial infarction is a serious condition, but it can be prevented with healthy lifestyle habits. In case of symptoms, every minute counts. Be prepared, informed, and trained in life-saving measures.

Thank you for your attention, and see you next week for episode 3 of Infosanté.